ABSTRACT
Background: hydatidosis is one of the zoonotic diseases which affect animals and human beings at the larval stage of Echinococcusgranulosus, thereby playing a role in exacerbating the economic and health problems in Iran
Objectives: this study was conducted to investigate the strains of Echinococcusgranulosus isolated from cattle hydatid cysts, in Khorramabad, in the Lorestan Province, in the west of Iran
Methods: twenty-six isolates of hydatid cyst of cattle from lung [24 samples] and liver [2 sample] organs were collected from Golshan Slaughterhouse, in Khorramabad. All of the samples were transferred to the laboratory for morphometric characterization and molecular study. In morphological characterization, blade length of large [LBL] and small [SBL] hooks and the ratio of blade length to total length in large [LBL/LTL] and small [SBL/STL] hooks and total length of large [LTL] and small [STL] hooks were measured. In molecular study, a partial sequence of cytochrome oxidase 1 [CO1] with 440 bp in length was amplified applying primers J3 and J4.5. Genomic DNA sequencing was performed by Sanger's method
Results: the morphological results showed that there is no significant difference between isolated from cattle hydatid cyst and sensu stricto strain [p<0.05]. The results of molecular studies support the findings of morphological characterization. All sequences showed 100% identity with sensu stricto strain
Conclusions: the results from this study showed that sensu stricto strain [G1] is a causative agent of cattle hydatid cyst in Khorramabad. On the other hand, the cattle play a role in enabling the parasite to complete its cycle. Hence in order to execute a control program for minimizing the effects of this disease, the cattle should be considered as a source of infection for dogs. The results of this study could be helpful in designing such control program in the region
ABSTRACT
The plerocercoid stage of Pseudophyllidean cestoda infected a wide range of fresh water fish, particularly the members of the Cyprinidae family. The parasite species are the most common pathogens that have severe effects on fish. The aim of the present study is to determine the occurrence and distribution of the plerocercoid of Diphyllobothriidae in two freshwater fish from north and northwest of Iran. Finally, we discuss the role and dynamics of these species of fish in the transmission of infection. This study was carried out from September 2011 to September 2012on a total of 883 A. bipunctatus and 418 A. brama from north and northwest of Iran. The samples were analyzed to find the plerocercoid infection. From a total number of 883 A. Bipunctatus and 418 A. brama fish samples, 558 fish [63.19%] of the former and 67 fish [16.02%] of the latter were infected. The rate of infection was significantly lower in winter [p<0.01]. Also, the weight of infected fish was significantly lower than noninfected ones [p<0.01]. Moreover, the infection in northwest of Iran was significantly higher than north of Iran [p<0.01]. The family of Diphyllobothriidae is an important cestode and the prevention programs to break the cycle of infection are essential. More suitable solutions to tackle the problem, further epidemiological studies on other fresh water sources of Iran are needed
Subject(s)
Animals , Cyprinidae , Cestoda , Fishes/parasitology , Epidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
Using a rapid and cost benefote test for diagnosing of hydatidosis, a zoonotic, can be beneficial as a diagnostic. The aim of the present study was to design and assess the performance of a dipstick method for diagnosting of cystic echinococcosis. Hydatid cyst fluid antigens and homogenized antigens of protoscolex were prepared and its electrophoretic pattern was determined by SDS-PAGE. Afterthen, for providing the hyperimmune serum, rabbits were injected by hydatid cyst fluid and protoscolex antigens along with complete freund adjuant and then incomplete freund adjuant. The immune sera were evaluated by dot ELISA. Dipstick was prepared based on nitrocellulose paper as solid phase and coated with antigens which were dotted in the upper surface of the nitrocellulose strip. PBS was used as negative control and rabbit sera noninfected were used as positive control. As a negative control the lower part of the strip was coated by PBS. Each strip was floated in the serum [1:100 dilution] for 7 min, washed for 7 min and floated in the second antibody for 7 min. Afterthen, they were washed and incubated in chromogen/substrate diaminobenzidin for 2 min to show the coloured band at the site of coated antigen. Our findings revealed 15 protein fractions in fluid antigens and 9 protein band in protoscolex antigens at the range of 29-130 kDa and 25-90 kDa, respectively. Meanwhile, the protoscolex antigens at in 1:10 dilution and fluid antigens at in 1:20 dilution showed the best results to diagnose hyper immune serum of 1:10 dilution. This rapid Dipstick assay test can be considered as a suitable immunodiagnostic test for hydatid cyst disease; however further investigations should be done to improve its specificity through preparing highly purified antigens